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HMS Defence (1861)
HMS ''Defence'' was the lead ship of the armoured frigates ordered by the Royal Navy in 1859. Upon completion in 1862 she was assigned to the Channel Fleet. The ship was paid off in 1866 to refit and be re-armed and was briefly reassigned to the Channel Fleet again when she recommissioned in 1868. ''Defence'' had brief tours on the North Atlantic and Mediterranean Stations, relieving other ironclads, from 1869 to 1872 before she was refitted again from 1872 to 1874. She became guard ship on the Shannon when she recommissioned. The ship was transferred to the Channel Fleet again in 1876 and then became guard ship on the Mersey until 1885. ''Defence'' was placed in reserve until 1890 when she was assigned to the mechanical training school in Devonport in 1890. She was renamed ''Indus'' when the school adopted that name and served there until sold in 1935.
==Design and description==
The ''Defence''-class ironclads〔Ironclad is the all-encompassing term for armored warships of this period. Armoured frigates were basically designed for the same role as traditional wooden frigates, but this later changed as the size and expense of these ships forced them to be used in the line of battle.〕 were designed as smaller and cheaper versions of the armoured frigates. This meant that they could not fit the same powerful engines of the ''Warrior''-class ships and were therefore slower and had far fewer guns. The naval architect Sir Nathaniel Barnaby, a future Constructor of the Navy, considered that in terms of combat a ''Defence''-class ship was worth one quarter of a ''Warrior''.〔Parkes, p. 25〕
HMS ''Defence'' was long between perpendiculars and long overall.〔Silverstone, p. 157〕 She had a beam of and a draft of .〔Ballard, p. 241〕 The ship displaced and had a ram in the shape of a plough. The hull was subdivided by watertight transverse bulkheads into 92 compartments and had a double bottom underneath the engine and boiler rooms. ''Defence'' was shorter overall and displaced over less than the ''Warrior''-class ironclads.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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